III. The university interregnum, 1861 - 1925
During this long period, the name University of Guadalajara disappeared, and only the last rector, Juan Nepomuceno Camarena, attempted to restore it with the title Imperial. However, the initiative failed because it did not align with the plans of the Second Empire, which sought to centralize higher education in the nation's capital.
Secondary and higher education came under the direct and total control of the State Government –or Department– of Jalisco, administering it through the following bodies: the State Board of Studies, from 1868 to 1893; the State Directorate of Public Instruction, from 1893 to 1903; the State Superior Council of Public Instruction and the State Directorate of Public Instruction, from 1903 to 1920; the State Department of Preparatory and Professional Education and the State General Directorate of Public Education and Welfare, from 1920 to 1925.
The Schools of Medicine, Law and Engineering and the Lyceums for Boys and Girls continued to provide secondary and higher education, which generally suffered detriment in their academic activities due to the scarce government support they received, except for a few exceptions with the governors Ramón Corona and Manuel Macario Diéguez, who suppressed the Lyceum for Boys and founded the Preparatory School of Jalisco, already in the midst of the Revolution.
During these years, educational decisions were made by politicians who ended up teaching without having the slightest idea of what they were supposedly teaching, and the decline was not long in coming, leading to the resurgence of private education. Thus, when the School of Engineers was abolished, it had to be replaced by the Free School of Engineers, founded on December 12, 1901, by the engineer Ambrosio Ulloa.
The Catholic Lyceum, the Catholic School of Law, and the San José Institute were also founded, marking the return of the Jesuits to Guadalajara. There was even talk of establishing a Free School of Medicine.
Despite so many difficulties and shortages, an entire generation of university students emerged without a university education , among them: the lawyers Julio Acero, jurist and writer; Mariano Coronado, constitutionalist; José Ignacio Dávila Garibi, historian and international genealogist; Roque Estrada, promoter of the first labor strike in Jalisco and secretary to Francisco Ignacio Madero; Luis Pérez Verdía, historian and diplomat; Luis Manuel Rojas, journalist and deputy president of the Constituent Congress of 1916-1917 and Victoriano Salado Álvarez, historian and writer; the doctors Antonio Ayala, who introduced several surgical techniques in Guadalajara and founded a hospital; Mariano Azuela, author of Los de abajo , the great novel of the Revolution and Enrique González Martínez, poet; the architects Pedro Castellanos, Rafael Urzúa and Luis Barragán, considered the greatest Mexican architect, received the Pritzker International Prize; the novelists José Martínez Sotomayor and Eduardo José Correa; The journalist Pedro Elías Vázquez, the painter Felipe Castro and, among others, the musician Gonzalo Curiel.
Reference: Real Ledezma, Juan (October 2013). Of the great and notable events of the University of Guadalajara , 1696 – 2013. Unpublished.
- 19445 views